What does the term 'sundowning' refer to in the context of dementia?

The term 'sundowning' in the context of dementia refers to a phenomenon where individuals with dementia experience increased confusion, agitation, and irritability during the late afternoon and evening hours. This behavior can often escalate as the day progresses, leading to heightened distress not only for the individual but also for caregivers.

Several factors may contribute to this occurrence, including fatigue, changes in lighting, and the need for more structured routines throughout the day. Understanding this aspect of dementia is crucial for caregivers, as it helps them prepare and manage potential challenges during these times, ensuring a supportive environment that addresses the needs of individuals with dementia. By recognizing the signs of sundowning, care staff can implement strategies to help soothe and calm individuals, making evening care more effective.