What are neurotransmitters?

Neurotransmitters are indeed chemical substances that facilitate communication between nerve cells, or neurons, by transmitting signals across synapses. They play a crucial role in numerous brain functions, including mood regulation, memory, and cognitive processes. When neurotransmitters are released from one neuron, they bind to receptors on the neighboring neuron, leading to various cellular responses, which is fundamental for all nervous system activities.

This understanding of neurotransmitters is essential for dementia care, as changes in neurotransmitter levels can significantly impact behavior, mood, and cognition in individuals with dementia. This knowledge helps caregivers recognize and respond to the needs of those they care for more effectively, fostering better communication and support.

The other answer choices relate to different concepts within neurology and dementia. Nerve cells are indeed a central component of the nervous system but do not define neurotransmitters themselves. Parts of the brain that control emotions refer to specific brain structures like the amygdala or prefrontal cortex, but they are not comprised of neurotransmitters. Lastly, while proteins may be involved in Alzheimer's disease, they do not describe neurotransmitters, indicating a narrower focus on disease pathology rather than the functioning of communication in the brain.